Комментарий к Шир ха-ширим 1:3

Like the fragrance of good oils. A good name is referred to as, “good oil.”¹²Alternatively, “good oils” symbolize Torah and mitzvos due to their pleasant fragrance. (Sefer Duda’im)

Your oils are of fine aroma: He calls the effulgent flow from the Glory, the gateway to the entities, “aroma.” From there it increases and flows down into the seventy branches that surround the central column. Counting it, there are seventy-one. Because of this, the text says: “from the kisses of his mouth”: from that very light.⁴²Each of the branches is “kissed” or nourished directly from His mouth, from tiferet or the central column.

Like the fragrance of good oils. That those dwelling at the ends of the earth smelled, [i.e.,] those who heard of Your good reputation when You performed awesome deeds in Egypt.

Your name is like oil poured forth: Your name is like fine oil, poured from one vessel into another. The seventy names are emanated from the seven sefirot. tiferet and the Crown⁴³The term here is ‘atarah, referring to malkhut, the last of the ten sefirot. are for Israel, the singular people, for Israel nurse from the trunk of the tree, tiferet and Crown, all joined as one. But its aroma travels a great distance. So too Your name increases and is poured forth as pure light to shekhinah, which is contained and sealed into all.⁴⁴It would seem that a distinction is made here between ‘atarah, the tenth sefirah, and shekhinah, which is the indwelling presence of God in the world, as in the older rabbinic sources. The passage is however difficult. Counting her they are seventy-two. This is the meaning of “therefore the maidens love you.”

[Your name] is like flowing oil. Your name is thus called. It is said about you that “you are [like] oil that is constantly being poured forth so that your fragrance goes forth to a distance.” For such is the nature of fragrant oil, as long as it is in a sealed bottle, its fragrance does not diffuse. If one opens it and pours its oil into another vessel, its fragrance diffuses.¹³See Rashi in Maseches Avodah Zarah 35b.

Therefore young maidens love you. Yisro came upon hearing the news and converted; also Rachav Hazonah said, “For we have heard how Adonoy dried up, etc.”¹⁴Yehoshua 2:10. And because of this [she proclaimed], “For Adonoy your God, He is God in heaven, etc.”¹⁵Ibid. 2.11. According to this Rashi, “maidens” represent proselytes, and because of the plural expression [עלמות], Rashi mentions two proselytes, Yisro and Rachav. (Sifsei Chachomim)

Young maidens. Virgins, since the text compares Him to a young man whose beloved holds him dear. And according to the allegory: The “young maidens” are the other nations.